Sunday myself, my husband Joey as well as my good friend Cindy participated in the first field day of the spring season. Today Cindy and I made the trip back up to the refuge and helped again. I feel like we walked miles in burned fields stepping over patches of grass and through swampy ground. To say we got our exercise is an understatement, but all the legwork was worth it. We were able to see 7 Massasauga Rattlesnakes, 2 Graham's Crayfish Snakes, 3 Plains Garter Snakes, 2 Diamondback Watersnakes and numerous Red-sided Garter Snakes.
When Cindy and I arrived and headed out to catch up with the other volunteers I spotted a Graham's Crayfish Snake and pointed it out to Cindy. She was excited by the find as this was a first for her. We took a few minutes to take pictures with it before releasing it back where we found it. The frightened little snake musked Cindy as soon as she held it. Musk is substance that snakes release when alarmed. It is a mixture of musk and feces.....yes it stinks! BAD! We walked a few feet more and spotted a Massasauga and a couple of red-sided garter snakes. In less than 5 minutes, we had spotted 4 snakes!!
This was already proving to be a great day. The temperatures were in the mid 70's and looking to top out at 80 by mid-afternoon, so along with snakes, and exercise we were getting some much needed sunshine.
Male Massasauga part way out of a crayfish burrow.
Gently removing the snake from the burrow. With patience the snake will eventually relax and can be safely removed from the burrow.
Safely bagging the snake to weigh it.
Placing the snake in "squeeze box" to safely get data on him.
Darren and one of the volunteers "Sexing" the snake. It's a boy! They were excited to discover he was a recapture and had been previously PIT tagged. Now they will get new data on a previously captured snake.
Measuring the tail length and counting rattles. 7 rattles and a button on this one. The green color on him is nail polish. It does not hurt the snake and is used to mark him so he isn't recaptured as we walk back and forth in the field looking for more snakes.
Snake fungal disease is an increasing problem for many species of snakes. This snake is showing some signs of having had had the disease in the past. There are some obvious nodules and scarring near the tail.
Clipping a scale off the belly near the tail to send in for testing. Sending it in for testing will determine if the snake has been exposed to the fungal disease.
Me getting a vial ready to put the scale clippings in to send for testing.
Me swabbing the area on the snake where the nodules are present. The swab will be sent in with the scale clipping for testing.
Resting after his abduction and probing by aliens.
This
prairie kingsnake was the first of the day and had a funky looking eye.
At first we thought it could be the fungal disease, but after looking
more closely we decided he had just shed his skin and did not shed one
of his eye capsules. This gives him a goggle-eye appearance. He seemed
healthy and showed no other signs of having any fungal infection.I handed the snake to Cindy so we could show it to the biologist and it musked it her good! This required a good washing with sanitary wipes. Poor Cindy...two muskings in one day!
The
Prairie Massasauga, formerly the Western Massasauga (pronounced
mass-a-saw'-ga) Rattlesnake is one of the smallest rattlesnakes found
in Missouri wetlands and marshes. Loess Bluffs NWR has a strong
population of these snakes in large part
because the land is federally owned and the snakes are protected there.
These ongoing studies help to determine population density and over all
health of the snakes. Snakes are especially important in rodent
control and as a vital part of the food chain and should be left alone.
They are also indicators of the health of their environment.
In
the Chippewa language Massasauga translates into "great river mouth"
which describes the lands where they are found. Like all Missouri
venomous snakes they are "pit-vipers" , meaning they have an extra
sensory organ in the form of pits located between the eyes and the
nostrils. These pits are heat sensing organs that help them locate prey.
They have excellent eye sight and a great sense of smell. All of
these senses combined make for a formidable predator. They commonly
prey on mice, frogs, insects. Juveniles are fond of other serpents with
Midland Brown Snakes making up the bulk of their diet. These snakes
are also an important part of the food chain and sometimes fall victim
to eagles, herons, raccoons, foxes, and hawks. Not to mention the
occasional motorist who would rather kill snakes as to look at them.
This near-sighted viewpoint of snakes is what has led to the near
extinction of many species. Humans should try to exercise tolerance for
these misunderstood creatures and recognize their importance in the
over all health of a given habitat.
These
are a slow moving snakes that rarely strike unless being provoked or
handled. Although males tend to be rather testy! Their venom is less toxic than that of most venomous snakes,
but should still be considered dangerous. If bitten; immediate medical
attention should be sought. During the spring they will be found in
lowlands near marshes and wetlands. In the hotter summer months they are
found in higher ground near grasslands, farmland and open fields. Like
all snakes they are often found sunning themselves on rocks, and
roadways. Massasauga rattlesnakes reach lengths up to thirty inches.
Their ground color is gray or tan with numerous darker spots, there are
even melanistic black varieties found occasionally.
Massasaugas
are ovoviviparous (eggs develop in the body of the parent and hatch
within or immediately after being expelled). The female produces large,
yolk-filled eggs which are retained within her reproductive tract for
a considerable period of development. The developing embryo receives
no nourishment from the female, only from the yolk. Eggs of the
Massasauga hatch inside the female and the young are born “alive.” A
female snake that retains eggs in her body can bask in the sun, thus
raising the temperature of the eggs and speeding their development,
resulting in a variable gestation period of two to four months. The
average litter size is 8 with anywhere from 3 to 12 being possible.
After birth, the young are on their own—no maternal care is known in snakes. As is the case for all cold-blooded vertebrates, the growth of the young is heavily dependent upon the amount of food available.
The knowledge I gain by participating in these field trips looking for massasauga rattlesnakes as well as other snakes is invaluable to me as a naturalist. I am able to take what I learn and apply it to programs and it better equips me to answer questions the public may have about our scaley wildlife. I am more than excited to return to the refuge this spring and offer my assistance in looking for these beautiful reptiles.
After birth, the young are on their own—no maternal care is known in snakes. As is the case for all cold-blooded vertebrates, the growth of the young is heavily dependent upon the amount of food available.
The knowledge I gain by participating in these field trips looking for massasauga rattlesnakes as well as other snakes is invaluable to me as a naturalist. I am able to take what I learn and apply it to programs and it better equips me to answer questions the public may have about our scaley wildlife. I am more than excited to return to the refuge this spring and offer my assistance in looking for these beautiful reptiles.
You people are really brave, I cannot grab a snake to check it out. It requires lots of guts. Thank you for sharing it with us
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